Data Merge

Joining datasets is an essential step when working with relational datasets.

To support this, two functions are provided depending on how to process the data_extract_spec object:

merge_expression_module can be used when there is no need to process the list of data_extract_spec. This function reads the data and the list of data_extract_spec objects and applies the merging. Essentially, it serves as a wrapper that combines data_extract_multiple_srv() and merge_expression_srv().
merge_expression_srv and data_extract_multiple_srv can be used in scenarios where additional processing of the list of data_extract_spec is necessary or data_extract_srv() to customize the selector_list input.

The following sections provide examples for both scenarios.

`merge_expression_module`

Using merge_expression_module alone requires a list of data_extract_spec objects for the data_extract argument, a list of reactive or non-reactive data.frame objects, and a list of join keys corresponding to each data.frame object.

Step 1/5 - Preparing the Data

library(teal.transform)
library(teal.data)
library(shiny)

# Define data.frame objects
ADSL <- teal.transform::rADSL
ADTTE <- teal.transform::rADTTE

# create a list of reactive data.frame objects
datasets <- list(
  ADSL = reactive(ADSL),
  ADTTE = reactive(ADTTE)
)

# create  join_keys
join_keys <- join_keys(
  join_key("ADSL", "ADSL", c("STUDYID", "USUBJID")),
  join_key("ADSL", "ADTTE", c("STUDYID", "USUBJID")),
  join_key("ADTTE", "ADTTE", c("STUDYID", "USUBJID", "PARAMCD"))
)

Step 2/5 - Creating the Data Extracts

adsl_extract <- data_extract_spec(
  dataname = "ADSL",
  select = select_spec(
    label = "Select variable:",
    choices = c("AGE", "BMRKR1"),
    selected = "AGE",
    multiple = TRUE,
    fixed = FALSE
  )
)

adtte_extract <- data_extract_spec(
  dataname = "ADTTE",
  select = select_spec(
    choices = c("AVAL", "ASEQ"),
    selected = "AVAL",
    multiple = TRUE,
    fixed = FALSE
  )
)

data_extracts <- list(adsl_extract = adsl_extract, adtte_extract = adtte_extract)

Step 3/5 - Creating the UI

merge_ui <- function(id, data_extracts) {
  ns <- NS(id)
  sidebarLayout(
    sidebarPanel(
      h3("Encoding"),
      div(
        data_extract_ui(
          ns("adsl_extract"), # must correspond with data_extracts list names
          label = "ADSL extract",
          data_extracts[[1]]
        ),
        data_extract_ui(
          ns("adtte_extract"), # must correspond with data_extracts list names
          label = "ADTTE extract",
          data_extracts[[2]]
        )
      )
    ),
    mainPanel(
      h3("Output"),
      verbatimTextOutput(ns("expr")),
      dataTableOutput(ns("data"))
    )
  )
}

Step 4/5 - Creating the Server Logic

merge_srv <- function(id, datasets, data_extracts, join_keys) {
  moduleServer(id, function(input, output, session) {
    merged_data <- merge_expression_module(
      data_extract = data_extracts,
      datasets = datasets,
      join_keys = join_keys,
      merge_function = "dplyr::left_join"
    )

    ANL <- reactive({
      data_list <- lapply(datasets, function(ds) ds())
      eval(envir = list2env(data_list), expr = as.expression(merged_data()$expr))
    })
    output$expr <- renderText(paste(merged_data()$expr, collapse = "\n"))
    output$data <- renderDataTable(ANL())
  })
}

Step 5/5 - Creating the `shiny` App

shinyApp(
  ui = fluidPage(merge_ui("data_merge", data_extracts)),
  server = function(input, output, session) {
    merge_srv("data_merge", datasets, data_extracts, join_keys)
  }
)

`data_extract_multiple_srv` + `merge_expression_srv`

In the scenario above, if the user deselects the ADTTE variable, the merging between ADTTE and ADSL would still occur, even though ADTTE is not used or needed. Here, the developer might update the selector_list input in a reactive manner so that it gets updated based on conditions set by the developer. Below, we reuse the input from above and update the app server so that the adtte_extract is removed from the selector_list input when no ADTTE variable is selected. The reactive_selector_list is then passed to merge_expression_srv:

Modifying the Server Logic

merge_srv <- function(id, datasets, data_extracts, join_keys) {
  moduleServer(id, function(input, output, session) {
    selector_list <- data_extract_multiple_srv(data_extracts, datasets, join_keys)
    reactive_selector_list <- reactive({
      if (is.null(selector_list()$adtte_extract) || length(selector_list()$adtte_extract()$select) == 0) {
        selector_list()[names(selector_list()) != "adtte_extract"]
      } else {
        selector_list()
      }
    })

    merged_data <- merge_expression_srv(
      selector_list = reactive_selector_list,
      datasets = datasets,
      join_keys = join_keys,
      merge_function = "dplyr::left_join"
    )

    ANL <- reactive({
      data_list <- lapply(datasets, function(ds) ds())
      eval(envir = list2env(data_list), expr = as.expression(merged_data()$expr))
    })
    output$expr <- renderText(paste(merged_data()$expr, collapse = "\n"))
    output$data <- renderDataTable(ANL())
  })
}

Updating the `shiny` app

shinyApp(
  ui = fluidPage(merge_ui("data_merge", data_extracts)),
  server = function(input, output, session) {
    merge_srv("data_merge", datasets, data_extracts, join_keys)
  }
)

Shiny app output for Data Extract

merge_expression_module is replaced here with three parts:

selector_list: the output of data_extract_multiple_srv, which loops over the list of data_extract given and runs data_extract_srv for each one, returning a list of reactive objects.
reactive_selector_list: an intermediate reactive list updating selector_list content.
merged_data: the output of merge_expression_srv using reactive_selector_list as input.

Output from merging

Both merge functions, merge_expression_srv and merge_expression_module, return a reactive object which contains a list of the following elements:

expr: code needed to replicate merged dataset.
columns_source: list of columns selected per selector.
keys: the keys of the merged dataset.
filter_info: filters that are applied on the data.

These elements can be further used inside the server to retrieve and use information about the selections, data, filters, etc.

Merging of non `CDISC` datasets

General datasets do not have the same relationships as CDISC datasets, so these relationships must be specified using the join_keys functions. For more information, please refer to the Join Keys vignette. The data merge module respects the relationships given by the user. In the case of multiple datasets to merge, the order is specified by the order of elements in the data_extract argument of the merge_expression_module function. Merging groups of datasets with complex relationships can quickly become challenging to specify so please take extra care when setting this up.

- Merging of non CDISC datasets